PublishedWorks | Corbett, J.A., Mathews, A.M, Connell, P.H., & Shapiro, D.A. (1969). Tics and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome: A follow-up study and critical review. British Journal of Psychiatry, ll5, 1229-41. Shapiro, D.A. (1969). Empathy, warmth and genuineness in psychotherapy. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 8, 350-361. Hobson, R.F., & Shapiro, D.A. (1970). The personal questionnaire as a method of measuring change during psychotherapy. British Journal of Psychiatry, 117, 623-626. Shapiro, D.A. (1970). The rating of psychotherapeutic empathy: A preliminary study. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 9, 148-151. Shapiro, D.A., & Hobson, R.F. (1972). Change in psychotherapy: A single case study. Psychological Medicine, 2, 312-317. Shapiro, D.A. (1973). Naive British judgements of therapeutic conditions. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 12, 289-294. Shapiro, M.B., & Shapiro, D.A. (1974). Experiments on the feeling of depression. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 13, 191-199. Caplan, H.L., Rohde, P.D., Shapiro, D.A., & Watson, J.P. (1975). Some correlates of repetory grid measures used to study a psychotherapeutic group. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 48, 217-226. Shapiro, D.A. (1975). Some implications of psychotherapy research for clinical psychology. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 48, 199-206. Shapiro, D.A., Caplan, H.L., Rhode, P.D., & Watson, J.P. (1975). Personal questionnaire changes and their correlates in a psychotherapeutic group. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 48, 207-216. Shapiro, D.A. (1976). Conversational structure and accurate empathy: An exploratory study. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 15, 213-215. Shapiro, D.A. (1976). The effects of therapeutic conditions: Positive results revisited. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 49, 315-323. Shapiro, D.A. (1976). Reconstructing approximations to dialogue. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 15, 353-356. Shapiro, D.A. (1977). Asymmetry of responsiveness in client-centred therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 956. Shapiro, D.A., & Shapiro, D. (1977). The 'double standard' in the evaluation of psychotherapies. Bulletin of the British Psychological Society, 30, 209-210. Kent, G.G., Davis, J.D., & Shapiro, D.A. (1978). Resources required in the construction and reconstruction of conversation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 13-22. Shapiro, D.A. (1980). Science and psychotherapy: The state of the art. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 53, 1-10. Kent, G.G., Davis, J.D., & Shapiro, D.A. (1981). Effect of mutual acquaintance on the construction of conversation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 17, 197-209. Parry, G., Shapiro, D.A., & Davies, L. (1981). Reliability of life-event ratings: An independent replication. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 20, 133-134. Shapiro, D.A. (1981). Editorial. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 20, 1-2. Shapiro, D.A. (1981). Comparative credibility of treatment rationales: Three tests of expectancy theory. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 20, 111-122. Brewin, C.R., Robson, M.J., & Shapiro, D.A. (1982). Social and psychological determinants of recovery from industrial injuries. Injury, 14, 451-455. Shapiro, D.A., & Shapiro, D. (1982). Meta-analysis of comparative therapy outcome studies: A replication and refinement. Psychological Bulletin, 92, 581-604. Shapiro, D.A., & Shapiro, D. (1982). Meta-analysis of comparative therapy outcome research: A critical appraisal. Behavioural Psychotherapy, 10, 4-25. Shapiro, D.A., & Shapiro, D. (1982). Meta-analysis of comparative therapy outcome studies: A reply to Wilson. Behavioural Psychotherapy, 10, 307-310. Shapiro, D.A., & Shapiro, D. (1982). Meta-analysis of comparative therapy outcome research: Descriptive statistics on 143 studies. JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 12, 46-47. Shapiro, D.A. (1983). Refinement, precision and representativeness in meta-analysis. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 6, 300-301. Shapiro, D.A., & Shapiro, D. (1983). Comparative therapy outcome research: Methodological implications of meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 42-53. Brewin, C.R., & Shapiro, D.A. (1984). Beyond locus of control: Attribution of responsibility for positive and negative outcomes. British Journal of Psychology, 75, 43-49. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M. & Irving, D.L. (1984). The reliability of a modified Helper Behaviour Rating System. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 57, 45-48. Brewin, C.R., & Shapiro, D.A. (1985). Selective impact of reattribution of failure instructions on task performance. British Journal of Social Psychology, 24, 37-46. Hardy, G.E., & Shapiro, D.A. (1985). Therapist verbal response modes in Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 24, 235-245. Shapiro, D.A. (1985). Recent applications of meta-analysis in clinical research. Clinical Psychology Review, 5, 13-34. Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1986). Counselor verbal response modes and experienced empathy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 33, 3-10. Firth, J.A., & Shapiro, D.A. (1986). An evaluation of psychotherapy for job related distress. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 59, 111-119. Firth, J.A., Shapiro, D.A., & Parry, G. (1986). The impact of research on the practice of psychotherapy. British Journal of Psychotherapy, 2, 169-179. Margison, F., & Shapiro, D.A. (1986). Hobson's Conversational Model of psychotherapy: Training and evaluation. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 79, 468-472. Parry, G., & Shapiro, D.A. (1986). Social support and life events in working class women: Stress buffering or independent effects? Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 315-323. Parry, G., Shapiro, D.A., & Firth, J.A. (1986). The case of the anxious executive: A study from the research clinic. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 59, 221-233. Shapiro, D.A. (1986). Research in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis. Journal of Medical Ethics, 12, 91-92. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A., & Elliott, R.K. (1986). "Are all psychotherapies equivalent?" American Psychologist, 41, 165-180. Morrison, L.A., & Shapiro, D.A. (1987). Expectancy and outcome in Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 26, 59-60. Shapiro, D.A., & Firth, J.A. (1987). Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy: Outcomes of the Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. British Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 790-799. Shapiro, D., & Shapiro, D.A. (1987). Change processes in psychotherapy. British Journal of Addiction, 82, 431-444. Elliott, R.K., & Shapiro, D.A. (1988). Brief Structured Recall: A more efficient method for studying significant therapy events. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 61, 141-153. Llewelyn, S.P., Elliott, R.K., Shapiro, D.A., Hardy, G.E., & Firth-Cozens, J.A. (1988). Client perceptions of significant events in Prescriptive & Exploratory periods of individual therapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 27, 105-114. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A., & Firth-Cozens, J.A. (1988). Do sessions of different treatments have different impacts? Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35, 391-396. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A., & Firth-Cozens, J.A. (1988). Verbal response mode use in contrasting psychotherapies: A within-subjects comparison. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 727-733. Barkham, M., Firth-Cozens, J., & Shapiro, D.A. (1989). Changes in Prescriptive versus Exploratory therapy: Older clients' responses to therapy. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 2, 395-403. Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., & Firth-Cozens, J. (1989). Personal Questionnaire changes in Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 28, 97-107. Shapiro, D.A., Firth-Cozens, J., & Stiles, W.B. (1989). The question of therapists' differential effectiveness: A Sheffield Psychotherapy Project addendum. British Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 383-385. Stiles, W.B., & Shapiro, D.A. (1989). Abuse of the drug metaphor in psychotherapy process-outcome research. Clinical Psychology Review, 9, 521-543. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A., & Firth-Cozens, J.A. (1989). Therapist differences in the use of verbal response mode forms and intents. Psychotherapy, 26, 314-322. Barker, C.B., Pistrang, N., Shapiro, D.A., & Shaw, I. (1990). Coping and helpseeking in the UK adult population. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 29, 271-285. Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1990). Brief psychotherapeutic interventions for job-related distress: Pilot cases in Prescriptive and Exploratory therapy. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 3, 133-147. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., & Morrison, L.A. (1990). The Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project: Rationale, design and preliminary outcome data. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 63, 97-108. Shapiro, D.A., & Firth-Cozens, J.A.(1990). Two year follow-up of the Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. British Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 389-391. Stiles, W.B., Elliott, R.K., Llewelyn, S.P., Firth-Cozens, J.A., Margison, F., Shapiro, D.A., & Hardy, G.E. (1990). Assimilation of problematic experiences in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, 27, 411-420. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A., & Firth-Cozens, J.A. (1990). Correlations of session evaluations with treatment outcome. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 29, 13-21. Reynolds, S., & Shapiro, D.A. (1991). Stress reduction in transition: Conceptual problems in the design, implementation and evaluation of worksite stress management interventions. Human Relations, 44, 717-733. Stiles, W.B., Morrison, L.A., Haw, S.K., Harper, H. Firth-Cozens, J., & Shapiro, D.A. (1991). A longitudinal study of assimilation in Exploratory psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, 28, 195-206. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Reynolds, S., Hardy, G., & Stiles, W.B. (1992). Prescriptive and Exploratory psychotherapies: Toward an integration based on the assimilation model. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 2, 253-272. Shapiro, D.A., & Startup, M.J. (1992).Measuring therapist adherence in Exploratory psychotherapy. Psychotherapy Research, 2, 193-203. Stiles, W.B., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., & Firth-Cozens, J. (1992). Treatment order and thematic continuity between contrasting psychotherapies: Exploring an implication of the assimilation model. Psychotherapy Research, 2, 112-124. Barker, C., Pistrang, N., Shapiro, D.A., Davis, S., & Shaw, I. (1993). You in Mind: A preventive mental health television series. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 32, 281-293. Barkham, M., Stiles, W.B., & Shapiro, D.A. (1993). The shape of change: Longitudinal assessment of personal problems. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 667-677. Mathers, N, Shipton, G., & Shapiro, D.A. (1993). The impact of short-term counselling on General Health Questionnaire Scores. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 21, 310-318. Reynolds, S., Taylor, E., & Shapiro, D.A. (1993). Session impact in stress management training. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 66, 99-113. Reynolds, S., Taylor, E., & Shapiro, D.A. (1993). Impact and outcome in stress management training. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 3, 325-338. Startup, M.J., & Shapiro, D.A. (1993). Dimensions of cognitive therapy for depression: A confirmatory factor analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 17, 139-151. Startup, M.J., & Shapiro, D.A. (1993). Therapist treatment fidelity in Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 32, 443-456. Stiles, W.B., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1993). Lack of synchronised seasonal variation in intensity of psychological problems. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 388-394. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A.., & Barkham, M. (1993). Research directions for psychotherapy integration: Contributions to a roundtable. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 3, 91-131. Agnew, R.M., Harper, H., Shapiro, D.A., & Barkham, M. (1994). Resolving a challenge to the therapeutic relationship: A single-case study. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 67, 155-170. Elliott, R., Shapiro, D.A., Firth-Cozens, J., Stiles, W.B., Hardy, G.E., Llewlyn, S.P., & Margison, F.R. (1994). Comprehensive Process Analysis of insight events in cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapies. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41, 449-463. Field, S.D., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., & Stiles, W.B. (1994). Assessment of assimilation in psychotherapy: A quantitative case study of problematic experiences with a significant other. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41, 397-406. Luborsky, L., Popp, C., Barber, J.P., & Shapiro, D.A. (eds.).(1994). Special Issue: Seven transference-related measures. Psychotherapy Research, 4, 151-286. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Rees, A., Hardy, G.E., Reynolds, S., & Startup, M. (1994). Effects of treatment duration and severity of depression on the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural and psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 522-534. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Rees, A., Hardy, G.E., Reynolds, S., & Startup, M. (1994). Looking as strongly as we should in the right places in psychotherapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 539-542. Stiles, W.B., Reynolds, S., Hardy, G.E., Rees, A., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1994). Evaluation and description of psychotherapy sessions by clients using the Session Evaluation Questionnaire and the Session Impacts Scale. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41, 175-185. Stiles, W.B., & Shapiro, D.A. (1994). Disabuse of the drug metaphor: Psychotherapy process-outcome correlations. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 942-948. Hardy, G.E., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., Reynolds, S. Rees, A., & Stiles, W.B. (1995). Credibility and outcome of cognitive-behavioural and psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 34, 555-569. Hardy, G.E., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., Stiles, W.B., Rees, A., & Reynolds, S. (1995). Impact of Cluster C personality disorders on outcomes of contrasting brief psychotherapies for depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63, 997-1004. Norcross, J., Glass, C.R., Arnkoff, D.B., Horowitz, M.J., Karasu, B., Lambert, M.J., Shoham, V., Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., & Strupp, H.H. (1995). A roundtable on psychotherapy integration: Common factors, technical eclecticism, and psychotherapy research. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 4, 248-271. Shapiro, D.A. (1995). Finding out how psychotherapies help people change. Psychotherapy Research, 5, 1-21. Shapiro, D.A., Rees, A., Barkham, M., Hardy, G., Reynolds, S., & Startup, M. (1995). Effects of treatment duration and severity of depression on the maintenance of gains following cognitive-behavioural and psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63, 378-387. Stiles, W.B., & Shapiro, D.A. (1995). Verbal exchange structure of brief psychodynamic-interpersonal and cognitive-behavioural psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63, 15-27. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A., & Barkham, M. (1995). Common factors, technical eclecticism, and psychotherapy research. In Norcross, J.C. (Ed). A roundtable on psychotherapy integration. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 4, 248-271. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A., Harper, H., & Morrison, L. (1995). Therapist contributions to psychotherapeutic assimilation: An alternative to the drug metaphor. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 68, 1-13. Barkham, M., Rees, A., Shapiro, D.A., Stiles, W.B., Agnew, R.M., Halstead, J., Culverwell, A., & Harrington, V.M.G. (1996). Outcomes of time-limited psychotherapy in applied settings: Replicating the Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 1079-1085. Barkham, M., Rees, A., Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A., Hardy, G.E., & Reynolds, S. (1996). Dose-effect relations in time-limited psychotherapy for depression. Journal of Consulting and Psychology, 64, 927-935. Reynolds, S., Stiles, W.B., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., Hardy, G.E., & Rees, A. (1996). Acceleration of changes in session impact during contrasting time-limited psychotherapies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 577-586. Shapiro, D.A. (1996). "Validated" treatments and evidence-based psychological services. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 3, 256-259. Stiles, W.B., Startup, M., Hardy, G.E., Barkham, M., Rees, A., Shapiro, D.A., & Reynolds, S. (1996). Therapist session intentions in cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 402-414. Goldfried, M.R., Castonguay, L.G., Hayes, A.M., Drozd, J.F., & Shapiro, D.A. (1997). A comparative analysis of the therapeutic focus in cognitive-behavioural and psychodynamic-interpersonal sessions. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 740-748. Hardy, G.E., Shapiro, D.A., & Borrill, C.S. (1997). Levels of fatigue and links with minor psychiatric disorder, demographic occupational and work role factors in the workforce of the National Health Service. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 43, 83-92. Taylor, E., Folkard, S. & Shapiro, D.A. (1997). Shiftwork advantages as predictors of health. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, Supplement 3, 20-29. Wall, T.D., Bolden, R.I., Borrill, C.S., Carter, A.J., Golya, D.A., Hardy, G.E., Haynes, C.E., Rick, J.E., Shapiro, D.A., & West, M.A.(1997). Minor psychiatric disorder in NHS trust staff: occupational and gender differences. British Journal of Psychiatry, 171, 519-523. Agnew-Davies, R., Stiles, W.B., Hardy, G.E., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1998). Alliance structure assessed by the Agnew Relationship Measure (ARM). British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 37, 155-172. Hardy, G.E., Rees, A., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., Field, S.D., & Elliott, R. (1998). 'Whingeing versus working': Comprehensive Process Analysis of a vague awareness event. Psychotherapy Research, 8, 334-353. Macran, S., & Shapiro, D.A. (1998). The role of personal therapy for therapists: A review. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 71, 13-25. Stiles, W.B., Agnew-Davies, R., Hardy, G.E., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1998). Relations of the alliance with psychotherapy outcome: Findings in the Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66, 791-802. Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., Hardy, G.E., & Rees, A. (1999). Psychotherapy in two-plus-one sessions: Outcomes of a randomised controlled trial of cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic-interpersonal therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67, 201-211. Hardy, G.E., Aldridge, J., Davidson, C., Rowe, C., Reilly, S., & Shapiro, D.A. (1999). Therapist responsiveness to client attachment styles and issues observed in client-identified significant events in psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy. Psychotherapy Research, 9, 36-53. Hardy, G.E., Shapiro, D.A., Haynes, C.E., & Rick, J.E. (1999). Validation of the General Health Questionnaire using a sample of employees from England's Health Care Services. Psychological Assessment, 11, 159-165. Macran, S., Ross, H., Hardy, G.E., & Shapiro, D.A. (1999). The importance of considering clients' perspectives in psychotherapy research. Journal of Mental Health, 8, 325-337. Williams, J.M.G., Stiles, W.B., & Shapiro, D.A. (1999). Cognitive mechanisms in the avoidance of painful and dangerous thoughts: Elaborating the assimilation model. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 23, 285-306. Samoilov, A., Goldfried, M.R., & Shapiro, D.A. (2000). Coding system of therapeutic focus on action and insight. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 513-514. Borrill, C., West, M., Shapiro, D.A., & Rees, A. (2000). Team working and effectiveness in health care. British Journal of Health Service Management, 6, 364-371. Brugha, T.S., Wheatley, S., Taub, N.A., Culverwell, A., Friedman, T., Kirwan, P.H., Jones, D.R., & Shapiro, D.A. (2000). Pragmatic randomised trial of antenatal intervention to prevent postnatal depression by reducing psychosocial risk factors. Psychological Medicine, 30, 1273-1281. Wheatley, S.L., Culverwell, A., Brugha, T.S., & Shapiro, D. (2000). Preparing for Parenthood: Background and development of a risk modifying intervention to prevent postnatal depression. Archives of Women's Mental Health, 3, 81-90. Paley, G., Shapiro, D.A., & Worrall-Davies, A. (2000). Familial origins of Expressed Emotion in the relatives of people with schizophrenia. Journal of Mental Health, 9, 655-663. Hardy, G.E., Cahill, J., Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Rees, A., & Macaskill, N. (2001). Client interpersonal and cognitive styles as predictors of response to time-limited cognitive therapy for depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 841-845. Paley, G., & Shapiro, D.A. (2001). Evidence-based psychological interventions in mental health nursing. Nursing Times, 97, 34-35. Paley, G., & Shapiro, D.A. (2001). Transactional Analysis functional ego states in people with schizophrenia and their immediate relatives. International Journal of Psychiatric Nursing Research, 6, 737-745. Rees, A., Stride, C.B., Shapiro, D.A., Richards, A. & Borrill, C.S. (2001). Psychometric properties of the Community Mental Health Team Effectiveness Questionnaire (CMHTEQ). Journal of Mental Health. 10, 213-222. Stiglmayr, C.E., Shapiro, D.A., Stieglitz, R.D., Limberger, M.F., & Bohus, M. (2001). Experience of aversive tension and dissociation in female patients with Borderline Personality Disorder: A controlled study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 35, 111-118. Whitfield, G., Williams, C. J., & Shapiro, D.A. (2001). Assessing the take up and acceptability of a self-help room used by patients awaiting their initial outpatient appointment. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 29, 333-343. Barkham, M., Rees, A., Stiles, W.B., Hardy, G.E., & Shapiro, D.A. (2002). Dose-effect relations for psychotherapy of mild depression: A quasi-experimental comparison of effects of 2, 8, and 16 sessions. Psychotherapy Research, 12, 463-474. Keeley, H., Williams, C., & Shapiro, D.A. (2002). A United Kingdom survey of accredited Cognitive Behaviour Therapists' attitudes towards and use of structured self-help materials. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 30, 193-203. Paley, G., & Shapiro, D.A. (2002). Lessons from psychotherapy research for psychological interventions for people with schizophrenia. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, and Practice, 75, 5-17. Shapiro, D.A., & Paley, G. (2002). Invited rejoinder: The continuing potential relevance of equivalence and allegiance to research on psychological treatments of psychosis. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 75, 375-379. Stiles, W.B., Agnew-Davies, R, Barkham, M., Culverwell, A., Goldfried, M.R., Halstead, , J., Hardy, G.E., Raue, P.J., Rees, A., & Shapiro, D.A. (2002). Convergent validity of the Agnew Relationship Measure and the Working Alliance Inventory. Psychological Assessment, 14, 209-220. Cahill, J., Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., Rees, A., Shapiro, D.A., Stiles, W.B., Macaskill, N.D. (2003). Outcomes of patients completing and not completing cognitive therapy for depression. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 42, 133-143. Paley, G., Myers, J., Patrick, S., Reid, E., & Shapiro, D.A. (2003). Practice development in psychological interventions: Mental health nurse involvement in the Conversational Model of psychotherapy. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 10, 494-498. Pote, H., Stratton, P., Cottrell, D., Shapiro, D., & Boston, P. (2003). Systemic family therapy can be manualised: Research process and findings. Journal of Family Therapy, 25, 236-262) Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Stiles, W.B., Hardy, G.E., Rees, A., Reynolds, S., & Startup, M. (2003). Time is of the essence: A selective review of the fall and rise of brief therapy research. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 76, 211-235. Shapiro, D.A., Cavanagh, K., & Lomas, H. (2003). Geographic inequity in the availability of cognitive behavioural therapy in England and Wales. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 31, 185-192. Stiles, W.B., Leach, C., Barkham, M., Lucock, M., Iveson, S., Shapiro, D.A., Iveson, M., & Hardy, G.E. (2003). Early sudden gains in psychotherapy under routine clinic conditions: Practice-based evidence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71, 14-21. West, M.A., Borrill, C.S., Dawson, J.F., Brodbeck, F., & Shapiro, D.A. (2003). Leadership clarity and team innovation in health care. Leadership Quarterly, 14, 393-410. Wheatley, S.K., Brugha, T.S., & Shapiro, D.A. (2003). Exploring and enhancing engagement to the psychosocial intervention, 'Planning for Parenthood'. Archives of Women's Mental Health, 6, 275-285. Cavanagh, K., & Shapiro, D.A. (2004). Computer treatment for common mental health problems. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60, 239-251. McCrone, P., Knapp, M., Proudfoot, J., Ryden, C., Cavanagh, K., Shapiro, D.A., Ilson, S., Gray, J.A., Goldberg, D., Mann, A., Marks, I., Everitt, B., & Tylee, A. (2004). Cost-effectiveness of computerised cognitive-behavioural therapy for anxiety and depression in primary care: randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 185, 55-62. Morley, S.J., Shapiro, D.A., & Biggs, J. (2004). Developing a treatment manual for attention management in chronic pain. Cognitive Behavior Therapy. 33, 1-11. Proudfoot, J., Ryden, C., Everitt, B., Shapiro, D.A., Goldberg, D., Mann, A., Tylee, A., Marks, I., & Gray, J.A. (2004). Clinical efficacy of computerised cognitive-behavioural therapy for anxiety and depression in primary care: randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 185, 46-54. Trepka, C., Rees, A., Shapiro, D.A., Hardy, G.E., & Barkham, M. (2004). Therapist competence and outcome of cognitive therapy for depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research. 28, 143-157. Stiles, W.B., Glick, M.J., Osatuke, K., Hardy, G.E., Shapiro, D.A., Agnew-Davies, R., Rees, A., & Barkham, M. (2004). Patterns of alliance development and the rupture-repair hypothesis: Are productive relationships U-shaped or V-shaped? Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51, 81-92. Rees, A., Richards, A., & Shapiro, D.A. (2004). Utility of the HoNOS in measuring change in a community mental health care population. Journal of Mental Health, 13, 295-304. Barkham, M., Leach, C., Shapiro, D.A., Hardy, G.E., Lucock, M., & Rees, A. (2005). Rewiring efficacy studies to increase their relevance to routine practice. Mental Health and Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, 2, 12-18. McPherson, S., Cairns, P., Carlyle, J., Shapiro, D.A., Richardson, P., & Taylor, D. (2005). The effectiveness of psychological treatments for treatment resistant depression: A systematic review. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 111, 331-340. Stiles, W.B., Leiman, M., Shapiro, D.A., Hardy, G.E., Barkham, M., Detert, N., & Llewelyn, S.P. (in press). What does the first exchange tell? Dialogical sequence analysis and assimilation in very brief therapy. Psychotherapy Research. Cavanagh, K., Shapiro, D.A., van den Berg, S., Swain, S., Barkham, M., & Proudfoot, J. (2006). The effectiveness of computerised cognitive behavioural therapy in routine care. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 45, 499-514.
Osatuke, K., Mosher, J.K., Goldsmith, J.Z., Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A., Hardy, G.E., & Barkham, M. (2007). Submissive voices dominate in depression: Assimilation analysis of a helpful session. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 63, 153-164.
Barkham, M., Stiles, W.B., Connell, J., Twig, E., Leach, C., Lucock, M., Mellor-Clark, J., Bower, P., King, M., Shapiro, D.A., Hardy, G.E., Greenberg, L., & Angus, L. (2008). Effects of psychological therapies in randomized trials and practice-based studies. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 47, 397-415.
Paley, G., Cahill, J., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D., Jones, Jaque, Patrick, S., & Reid, E. (2008). The effectiveness of psychodynamic-interpersonal therapy (PIT) in routine clinical practice: A benchmarking comparison. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 81, 157-175.
Cavanagh, K., Shapiro, D.A., van den Berg, S., Swain, S., Barkham, M., Proudfoot, J. (2009). The acceptability of computer-aided cognitive behavioural therapy: A pragmatic study. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 38, 235-246.
Onyett, S., Rees, A., Borrill, C., Shapiro, D. (2009). The evaluation of a local whole systems intervention for improved team working and leadership in mental health services. The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, 14, article 6, 1- 18.
Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., Mogg, K., Bradley, B., Morley, S., Brewin, C.R., Hodgson, R., & Shapiro, D.A. (2011). Editorial: The British Journal of (Social and) Clinical Psychology - a brief citation review. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 50, 1-6. Osatuke, K., Stiles, W.B., Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., & Shapiro, D.A. (2011). Relationship between mental states in depression: The assimilation model perspective. Psychiatry Research, 190, 52-59.
Other Publications
Shapiro, M.B. & Shapiro, D.A. (1973). Experiments on the feeling of depression (abstract). Bulletin of the British Psychological Society, 26, 165. Shapiro, D.A. (1975). Psychotherapy in undergraduate and postgraduate courses (abstract). Bulletin of the British Psychological Society, 28, 252. Shapiro, D.A. (1976). Counselling. Chapter in H.J. Eysenck & G.D. Wilson (eds), A textbook of human psychology. Medical and Technical Publishing. Shapiro, D.A. (1976). Asymmetry of constraint in artificial and therapeutic dialogues (abstract). Bulletin of the British Psychological Society, 29, 211. Shapiro, D.A. (1978). Research re-evaluated. New Forum, 5, 30. Shapiro, D.A. (1978). Therapists play monopoly. New Forum, 5, 37-38. Brewin, C.R., & Shapiro, D.A. (1979). Beliefs about the self and their importance for motivation in rehabilitation. In D.J. Oborne et al. (eds.), Research in psychology and medicine. Academic Press. Shapiro, D.A., Parry, G., & Brewin, C.R. (1979). Stress, coping and psychotherapy: The foundations of a clinical approach. In T. Cox & C. Mackay (eds.), Response to Stress: Occupational Aspects. IPC Science and Technology Press. Watson, M., Davis, J.D., & Shapiro, D.A. (1979). Causal attributions and response to performance outcome. In C.D. Spielberger & I.G. Sarason (eds.), Stress and Anxiety V. Wiley. Shapiro, D.A. (1980). SPR '79. New Forum, 6, 36-37. Shapiro, D.A. (1980). Effectiveness: No nonsense. New Forum, 6, 38-39. Shapiro, D.A. (1981). Psychopathology. In A. Gale & A. Chapman (eds.), Psychology for Professional Groups. British Psychological Society. Lambert, M.J., Shapiro, D.A., & Bergin, A.E. (1986). The effectiveness of psychotherapy. In S.L. Garfield & A.E. Bergin (eds.), Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change (3rd edition). Wiley. Shapiro, D.A. (1987). Meta-analysis of psychotherapy outcomes. In W. Huber (ed.), Progress in Psychotherapy Research. University of Louvain Press, 729-747. Shapiro, D.A. (1987). Learning by the book. Changes, 5, 314-315. Shapiro, D.A. (1987). Implications of psychotherapy research for the study of meditation. In M.A. West (ed.), The Psychology of Meditation. Oxford University Press. Shapiro, D.A., Firth, J.A., Stiles, W.B., Elliott, R.K., & Llewelyn, S.P. (1987). Process-outcome research strategy: The Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. In W. Huber (ed.) Progress in Psychotherapy Research. University of Louvain Press, 651-675. Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1989). Towards resolving the problem of waiting lists: Psychotherapy in two-plus-one sessions. Clinical Psychology Forum, no 23, 15-18. Shapiro, D.A. A process of discovery. (1989). The Psychologist, 2, 153-154. Shapiro, D.A. (1989). Outcome research. In G. Parry & F.N. Watts (eds.), Behavioural and mental health research: A handbook of skills and methods. Erlbaum, pp. 163-187. Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1990). Exploratory therapy in two-plus-one sessions: A research model for studying the process of change. In G. Lietaer, J. Rombauts & R. Van Balen (eds.), Client-centred and Experiential Psychotherapy in the Nineties. Leuven University Press, pp.429-445. Halstead, J., Agnew, R., Barkham, M., Harrington, V., Culverwell, A. & Shapiro, D.A. (1990). The MRC/NHS psychotherapy collaborative project: Intensive psychotherapy research in normal clinical practice. Clinical Psychology Forum, No 26, 30-32. Shapiro, D.A. (1991). Theory, research and practice in the treatment of depression. In P. Slade (ed.), The psychology of depression: Current issues in research and practice. Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield. (pp. 52-63). Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Reynolds, S., Startup, M.J., Hardy, G.E., Morrison, L.A., & Harper, H. (1991). Psychotherapy research programme at the Social and Applied Psychology Unit, University of Sheffield. In L.E. Beutler & M Crago (eds.), Psychotherapy Research Programs, pp 234-242. Society for Psychotherapy Research/American Psychological Association. Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1992). Problems of methodology in studies of psychotherapy: Response. In W. Dryden & C. Feltham (Eds.), Psychotherapy and its discontents (pp. 86-96). Open University Press. Elliott, R.K., & Shapiro, D.A. (1992). Client and therapist as analysts of significant events. In S.G. Toukmanian and D.L. Rennie (eds.), Psychotherapeutic change: Theory-guided and descriptive research strategies, pp 163-186. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Elliott, R., Stiles, W.B., & Shapiro, D.A. (1993). "Are some psychotherapies more equivalent than others?" In T.R. Giles (ed.). Handbook of effective psychotherapy, pp 455-479. New York: Plenum. Shapiro, D.A., Cheesman, M., & Wall, T.D. (1993). Secondary prevention: Review of counselling and EAPs. In R. Jenkins & D. Warman (Eds.), Promoting mental health policies in the workplace, pp 86-102. London: HMSO. Culverwell, A., Agnew, R., Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., Rees, A., Shapiro, D.A., Reynolds, S., Halstead, J., Stiles, W.B., & Harrington, V. (1994). The Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project and Collaborative Project: Some initial findings and their clinical implications. Clinical Psychology Forum, 72, 5-8. Shapiro, D.A., Harper, H., Startup, M., Reynolds, S., Bird, D., & Suokas, A. (1994). The high-water mark of the drug metaphor: A meta-analytic critique of process-outcome research. In R.L. Russell (ed.), Reassessing psychotherapy research. New York: Guilford, pp. 1-35. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A., & Harper, H. (1994). Finding the way from process to outcome: Blind alleys and unmarked trails. In R.L. Russell (ed.), Reassessing psychotherapy research. New York: Guilford, pp. 36-64. Aveline, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (Eds.). (1995). Research foundations for psychotherapy practice. Chichester: John Wiley. Aveline, M., Shapiro, D.A., Parry, G., & Freeman, C. (1995). Building research foundations for psychotherapy practice. In M. Aveline & D.A. Shapiro (Eds.), Research foundations for psychotherapy practice. Chichester: John Wiley, pp. 301-322. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Rees, A., Hardy, G.E., Reynolds, S., & Startup, M. (1995). Decisions, decisions, decisions: Determining the effects of treatment method and duration on the outcome of psychotherapy for depression. In M. Aveline & D.A. Shapiro (Eds.), Research foundations for psychotherapy practice. Chichester: John Wiley, pp. 151-174. Shapiro, D.A. (1996). Models of change in psychotherapy, Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 9, 177-181. Shapiro, D.A. (1996). Outcome research. In G. Parry & F.N. Watts (eds), Behavioural and mental health research: A handbook of skills and methods, 2nd ed. Erlbaum UK. Shapiro, D.A. (1998). Efficacy of psychodynamic, interpersonal and experiential treatments of depression. In Checkley, S (Ed), The Management of depression. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 142-164. Shapiro, D.A. (1999). Book Review: The therapeutic alliance in brief psychotherapy, edited by Jeremy D Safran & J Christopher Muran. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 9, 209-215. Shapiro, D.A. (2000). Establishing the evidence base for psychotherapy integration. In Psychotherapie-integratie: Dag van der psychotherapie 1999. Utrecht, Netherlands: Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychotherapie, 9-10. Wicksteed, A., & Shapiro, D.A. (2001). Impact of Clinical Psychology Forum articles on the development of adult mental health psychological services. Clinical Psychology.1, 13-20. Shapiro, D.A. (2002). Renewing the scientist-practitioner model. The Psychologist, 15, 232-234. Cavanagh, K., Zack, J., & Shapiro, D.A. (2003). Empirically supported computerised psychotherapy. In R. Wootton, P. Yellowless & P. McLaren (Eds), Tele-psychiatry and e-mental health. London: Royal Society of Medicine Press, pp 273-290. Cavanagh, K., Zack, J. Shapiro, D.A., & Wright, J.H. (2003). Computer programs for psychotherapy. In S. Goss & K. Amnthony (Eds), Technology in counselling and psychotherapy: A practitioner's guide. London: Palgrave, pp 143-164. Cavanagh, K., Shapiro, D.A., & Zack, J.S. (2003). The computer plays therapist: the challenges and opportunities of psychotherapeutic software. In S. Goss & K. Anthony (Eds), Technology in counselling and psychotherapy: A practitioner's guide. London: Palgrave, pp 165-194. Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., & Shapiro, D.A. (2011). The Sheffield-Leeds psychotherapy research program. In Norcross, J.C., VandenBos, G.R., & Freedheim, D.K. (eds). History of psychotherapy: Continuity and change (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, pp 382-388.
ConferencePresentations (Select)
Caplan, H.L., Rohde, P.D. Shapiro, D.A. & Watson, J.P. (1971). Psychological investigation of a psychotherapeutic group. Royal Medico-Psychological Association. Teasdale, J.D. & Shapiro, D.A. (1971). Client-centred therapy. Behaviour Therapy Association. Shapiro, M.B. & Shapiro, D.A. (1973). Experiments on the feeling of depression. British Psychological Society, Annual Conference. Shapiro, D.A. (1975). Psychotherapy in undergraduate and post-graduate courses. British Psychological Society, Annual Conference. Shapiro, D.A. (1976). Asymmetry of constraint in artificial and therapeutic dialogues. British Psychological Society, Annual Conference. Shapiro, D.A. (1977). Comparative credibility of treatment rationales: Desensitisation vs. client-centred vs. rational-emotive therapy. British Psychological Society, London Conference. Shapiro, D.A. (1978). Science and psychotherapy: The state of the art. British Psychological Society. Shapiro, D.A., Parry, G. & Brewin, C.R. (1978). Stress, coping and psychotherapy. Ergonomics Society, Annual Conference. Shapiro, D.A., Parry, G. & Brewin, C.R. (1979). Stress, coping and psychotherapy: A psychological approach. Royal College of Psychiatrists. Shapiro, D.A. & Shapiro, D. (1981). Meta-analysis of comparative outcome research. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Aspen, Colorado. Shapiro, D.A. & Shapiro, D. (1981). Meta-analysis of comparative therapy outcome research. British Association for Behavioural Psychotherapy. Shapiro, D.A. & Shapiro, D. (1981). Comparative therapy outcome research: Reflections on meta-analysis. London Conference, British Psychological Society. Shapiro, D.A. (1982). Getting published. In symposium on research and the clinical psychologist, British Psychological Society, Annual Conference. Shapiro, D.A. & Firth, J.A. (1982). Differential impact of Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy: Outline of an ongoing study. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Smugglers' Notch, Vermont. Shapiro, D.A. (1982). Measurement and impact of Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy processes. International Congress of Applied Psychology, Edinburgh. Shapiro, D.A. & Firth, J.A. (1983). Prescriptive vs. Exploratory therapy: Preliminary findings. International meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Sheffield. Shapiro, D.A., Firth, J.A. & Parry, G. (1984). Prescriptive vs. Exploratory therapy: Methods, findings and case studies. Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Margison, F. & Shapiro, D.A. (1985). The conversational model of psychotherapy: Training and evaluation. Royal Society of Medicine. Shapiro, D.A. (1985). Recent developments in meta-analysis of psychotherapy outcomes. Society for Psychotherapy Research, Second European Meeting, Louvain, Belgium. Shapiro, D.A. & Firth, J.A. (1985). Comparative outcomes of Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy. Similar papers given at: British Psychological Society, International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Chicago, USA, and Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Shapiro, D.A., Firth, J.A., Stiles, W.B., Hardy, G.E., Elliott, R.K. & Llewelyn, S.P. (1985). Process and outcomes of Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapies: The Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. Society for Psychotherapy Research, European Meeting, Louvain, Belgium. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A. & Firth, J.A. (1985). Psychotherapy session impact as mediator between process and outcome. Similar papers given at: British Psychological Society, International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Chicago, USA, and Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A. & Firth, J.A. (1986). Personal questionnaire changes in Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy. British Psychological Society Annual Conference, Sheffield, and International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Wellesley, USA. Elliott, R.K., Shapiro, D.A. & McGlenn, M. (1986). Brief structured recall of Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy sessions. British Psychological Society, Sheffield, and International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research , Wellesley, USA. Firth, J.A. & Shapiro, D.A. (1986). Individual differences and outcomes of Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy. British Psychological Society, Sheffield, and International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Wellesley, USA. Shapiro, D.A. (1986). The process of outcome in Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy. Third Annual Symposium, University of Birmingham Department of Psychiatry. Shapiro, D.A., Firth, J.A., Barkham, M., Stiles, W.B. and Elliott, R.K. (1986). Process-outcome research strategy: New findings from the Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Shapiro, D.A. (1986). Manualised therapies. Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A. & Firth, J.A. (1986). Verbal process correlates of session impact in Prescriptive vs. Exploratory psychotherapy. British Psychological Society (Sheffield) and Society for Psychotherapy Research (Wellesley, USA). Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A. & Firth J.A. (1986). Do different psychotherapies have different impacts? Session ratings from the Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, USA. Shapiro, D.A., Harper, H. & Suokas, A. (1987). The high water mark of the drug metaphor? Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Shapiro, D.A., Harper, H. & Suokas, A. (1987). The high water mark of the drug metaphor? International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Ulm, West Germany. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., & Morrison, L.A. (1987). The Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project: Rationale, design and pilot outcome data. Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch) Ravenscar. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., & Morrison, L.A. (1987). The Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project: Rationale, design and pilot outcome data. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Ulm, West Germany. Shapiro, D.A. (1987). Funding of psychotherapy research in the United Kingdom. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy research, Ulm, West Germany. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A. & Firth, J.A. (1987). Verbal Response Mode use in Exploratory and Prescriptive psychotherapy. Annual Convention, American Psychological Association. Agnew, R.A., Culverwell, A., Halstead, J., Harrington, V., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1988). The MRC/NHS Collaborative Psychotherapy Project. Poster session: SPR Service Evaluation Group, Oxford. Barkham, M. & Shapiro, D.A. (1988). Psychotherapy in two-plus-one sessions. Division of Clinical Psychology Summer School, York. Barkham, M. & Shapiro, D.A. (1988). Exploratory and Prescriptive therapy in 2 + 1 sessions. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Santa Fe, New Mexico. Barkham, M. & Shapiro, D.A. (1988). Brief interventions in organisational settings. British Psychological Society Occupational Psychology Conference, Manchester. Barkham, M. & Shapiro, D.A. (1988). Psychotherapy in two-plus-one sessions. First International Conference of Client-centered and Experiential Psychotherapy. Leuven, Belgium. Shapiro, D.A. & Barkham, M. (1988). Overview of the Sheffield psychotherapy research programme. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Santa Fe, New Mexico. Agnew, R.M., Culverwell, A., Halstead, J., Harrington, V., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1989). The MRC/NHS Collaborative Psychotherapy Project. Poster session: Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar. Agnew, R.M., Harper, H. & Shapiro, D.A. (1989). Resolving a rupture in the therapeutic alliance. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Toronto, Canada. Barkham, M., Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A. & Firth-Cozens, J.A. (1989). The natural history of personal questionnaire item ratings. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Toronto, Canada. Elliott, R.K. & Shapiro, D.A. (1989). Clients and therapists as analysts of significant events. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Toronto, Canada. Elliott, R.K., Shapiro, D.A., Firth-Cozens, J.A., Stiles, W.B., Hardy, G.E., Llewelyn, S.P. & Margison, F. (1989). Insight in Exploratory therapy: A Comprehensive Process Analysis. European Conference on Psychotherapy Research, Bern, Switzerland. Greenberg, L.S., Harper, H. & Shapiro, D.A. (1989). Task analysis of psychotherapeutic events (workshop). Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Halstead, J., Agnew, R.M., Harrington, V., Culverwell, A., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1989). The MRC/NHS Collaborative Psychotherapy Project. North Trent Region Research Meeting, Sheffield. Shapiro, D.A. & Elliott, R.K. (1989). 'You're no longer a minister while you're here': Multiple perspectives on a significant therapy event. Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Shapiro, D.A. (1989). Promises, promises, promises ...? Psychotherapy research in the year 2000 (Invited Keynote Address). European Conference on Psychotherapy Research, Bern, Switzerland. Shapiro, D.A. & Barkham, M. (1989). Outcome, process and mechanism in the Sheffield Psychotherapy Projects. European Conference on Psychotherapy Research, Bern, Switzerland. Stiles, W.B., Shapiro, D.A. & Firth-Cozens, J.A. (1989). Verbal processes and treatment outcome: Disabuse of the drug metaphor. European Conference on Psychotherapy Research, Bern, Switzerland. Agnew, R., Halstead, J., Culverwell, A., Harrington, V., Barkham, M. & Shapiro, D.A. (1990). "Softly, softly, catch a monkey": Investigations of clinically significant change. Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Castonguay, L.G., Goldfried, M.R., Hayes, A.M., Raue, P.J., Wiser, S.L. & Shapiro, D.A. (1990). Quantitative and qualitative analyses of process-outcome data for different therapeutic approaches. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Wintergreen, Virginia, USA. Shapiro, D.A. (1990). Lessons of history in psychotherapy research. Invited paper, Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Shapiro, D.A. (1990). Theory, research and practice in the treatment of depression. Howard Morton Trust Symposium, University of Sheffield. Shapiro, D.A. (1990). Lessons of history in psychotherapy research. Closing plenary session, International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Wintergreen, Virginia, USA. Stiles, W.B., Barkham, M. & Shapiro, D.A. (1990). Lack of sychronized seasonal variation in the intensity of psychological problems. New Zealand Psychological Association. Hardy, G.E., Barkham, M., Reynolds, S. & Shapiro, D.A. (1991). Attachments and work. Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch). Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Hardy, G.E., Shapiro, D.A., Reynolds, S., & Barkham, M. (1991). Interpersonal problems, attachment styles, and problems at work. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research. Lyon, France. Shapiro, D.A. (1991). Errors, misunderstandings, and the reconstructive interpersonal process. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research. Lyon, France. Shapiro, D.A., Grawe, K., & Strupp, H.H. (1991). Psychotherapy Research: The journal, the Society, and the research. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research. Lyon, France. Shapiro, D.A., & Startup, M.J. (1991). Measuring therapist adherence in exploratory psychotherapy. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research. Lyon, France. Shapiro, D.A., Startup, M.J., Harper, H., & Reynolds, S. (1991). Therapist interventions and treatment outcome: Summarising data on process-outcome relationships. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research. Lyon, France. Startup, M.J. & Shapiro, D.A. (1991). Therapist treatment adherence in the Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch). Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Startup, M.J., & Shapiro, D.A. (1991). Therapist treatment adherence in the Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research. Lyon, France. Stiles, W.B., Barkham, M. & Shapiro, D.A. (1991). Are psychological problems more intense during the wintertime? Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Stiles, W.B., & Shapiro, D.A. (1991). Verbal exchange structure of exploratory and prescriptive psychotherapy. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research. Lyon, France. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Reynolds, S., Hardy, G., & Stiles, W.B. (1991). Workshop: Prescriptive and Exploratory therapies: Toward an integration based on the Assimilation Model. Society for the Exploration of Psychotherapy Integration: London. Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., Reynolds, S.A., Rees, A., Startup, M.J., & Shapiro, D.A. (1992). Clients' contributions to outcomes in the Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. Annual Meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar. Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., Reynolds, S.A., Rees, A., Startup, M.J., & Shapiro, D.A. (1992). Clients' contributions to outcomes in the Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, San Francisco. Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., Reynolds, S.A., Hardy, G.E., & Startup, M.J. (1992). Design and rationale of the Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. World Congress of Cognitive Therapy, Toronto, Ontario. Field, S., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1992). Testing for assimilation of problematic experiences in Exploratory therapy: A case study approach. Paper presented at the 9th Annual Meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, Ravenscar. Reynolds, S.A., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1992). Impacts of Prescriptive and Exploratory sessions on clients and therapists. Paper presented at the 9th Annual Meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, Ravenscar. Reynolds, S.A., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1992). Impacts of Prescriptive and Exploratory sessions on clients and therapists. Paper presented at the 23rd International Meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, San Francisco. Reynolds, S.A., Rees, A., Hardy, G.E., Shapiro, D.A., & Barkham, M. (1992). Impacts of Prescriptive and Exploratory sessions on clients and therapists. Paper presented at the World Congress of Cognitive Therapy, Toronto, Canada. Stiles, W.B., Reynolds, S., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., Rees, A., & Hardy, G.E. (1992). Psychotherapy session impact: Comparison of two measures. British Psychological Society. London Conference. Shapiro, D.A., & Barkham, M. (1992). Choosing the treatment you can afford. Keynote presentation, Sixth Psychotherapy Conference of The Association of University of Teachers of Psychiatry, University of Warwick. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., Rees, A., Reynolds, S. A., & Startup, M.J. (1992). The effects of modality and duration of treatment on outcomes with clients with mild, moderate, and severe depression. Paper presented at the 9th Annual Meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, Ravenscar. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., Rees, A., Reynolds, S.A., & Startup, M.J. (1992). The effects of modality and duration of treatment on outcomes with clients with mild, moderate, and severe depression. Paper presented at the 23rd International Meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, San Francisco. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Hardy, G.E., Rees, A., Reynolds, S.A., & Startup, M.J. (1992). The effects of treatment modality and duration on depression: Comparative treatment outcomes. Paper presented at the World Congress of Cognitive Therapy, Toronto, Ontario. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Reynolds, S.A., Hardy, G.E., & Stiles, W.B. (1992). The assimilation model as a tool for treatment design: Toward an integration of Prescriptive and Exploratory therapies. Paper presented at the 9th Annual Meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, Ravenscar. Shapiro, D.A. (1993). Psychotherapy of depression: A success story? British Association Science Festival (Psychology Section), Keele University. Shapiro, D.A. (1993). Recent findings from the Sheffield psychotherapy research programme. Royal College of Psychiatrists, Annual Meeting, Scarborough. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., & Rees, A. (1993). Invited address: How much is enough? Dose-effect relationships in the Sheffield Psychotherapy Projects. European Meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, Budapest. Shapiro, D.A., Barkham, M., Rees, A., Hardy, G.E., Reynolds, S.A, & Startup, M.J. (1993). Effects of treatment method and duration on the outcome of psychotherapy for depression. Mental Health Foundation research conference, Balliol College, Oxford. Stiles, W.B., Reynolds, S.A., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., Rees, A., & Hardy, G.E. (1993). Measures of sessions impact on psychotherapy clients. Annual Meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Stiles, W.B., Reynolds, S.A., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., Rees, A., & Hardy, G.E. (1993). Psychotherapy session impact: Comparison of two measures. British Psychological Society, Blackpool. Barkham, M., Rees, A., Shapiro, D.A., Hardy, G., & Reynolds, S. (1994). The dose-effect curve and clinically significant change. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, York. Egleton, S., Gledhill, A., & Shapiro, D.A. (1994). Developing a model for implementation of evaluative research. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, York. Field, S., Shankland, M.C., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., & Stiles, W.B. (1994). Analyses of client and therapist contributions to the assimilation process: An intensive single case study. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, York. Hardy, G., Reynolds, S., Shapiro, D.A., & Barkham, M. (1994). Psychotherapy and the experience of work. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, York. Harper, H., & Shapiro, D.A. (1994). How are client confrontation challenges resolved? Task analysis of significant events in a psychodynamic/interpersonal therapy. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, York. Haynes, C., Shapiro, D.A., Wall, T.D., & Jackson, P.R. (1994). The effects of managerial styles on subordinate mental health in the NHS. British Psychological Society, Brighton. Madill, A., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1994). A discourse analytic approach to change processes in psychotherapy. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, York. Mellor-Clark, J., Shapiro, D.A., & Barkham, M. (1994). Process and outcome of RELATE couple counselling: Preliminary findings. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, York. Rees, A., Hardy, G.E., Field, S., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., & Elliott, R. (1994). "Wingeing versus working": A Comprehensive Process Analysis of a vague awareness event. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, York. Shapiro, D.A. (1994). Workshop contribution: Ensuring the impact of service evaluation projects. British Psychological Society Clinical Division, Brighton. Shapiro, D.A. (1994). Finding out how psychotherapies help people change. Presidential Address, International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, York. Shapiro, D.A., Rees, A., Barkham, M., Hardy, G., Reynolds, S., & Startup, M. (1994). There's more to outcome than pre-post change. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, York. Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., & Rees, A. (1995). Clinically significant change in depression: Findings from the Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Vancouver. Barkham, M., Stiles, W.B., Hardy, G., Shapiro, D.A., & Reynolds, S. (1995). Client factors and treatment factors associated with the shape of change in problem domains during psychotherapy. Panel presented to International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Vancouver. Field, S.D., Stiles, W.B., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1995). Quantitative assessment of assimilation in two cases of psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Vancouver. Harper, H., Rees, A., & Shapiro, D.A. (1995). How is client non-engagement made good? Analysing paths to engagement in a psychodynamic-interpersonal therapy. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Vancouver. Madill, A., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1995). Construction of anger in one successful psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy: Negotiation of moral context and justification. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Vancouver. Reynolds, S., Stiles, W.B., Hardy, G.E., Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., & Rees, A. (1995). Relations between session level mood and outcome in psychotherapy for depression. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Vancouver. Shapiro, D.A. (1995). A psychotherapy researcher's perspective on economic evaluation and services research. International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Vancouver. Shapiro, D.A., Stiles, W.B., Barkham, M., & Reynolds, S. (1995). Session level investigations in the Second Sheffield Psychotherapy Project. Panel presentation to International Meeting, Society for Psychotherapy Research, Vancouver. Startup, M., & Shapiro, D.A. (1995). Therapist adherence and client outcome in cognitive-behavioral therapy of depression. World Congress of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies, Copenhagen. Taylor, E., Folkard, S., & Shapiro, D.A. (1995). Predictors of the health status of shift workers. 12th International Symposium on Night and Shift Work, Connecticut. Taylor, E., Shapiro, D.A., & Folkard, S. (1995). An initial evaluation of a counselling service for shift workers. 12th International Symposium on Night and Shift Work, Connecticut. Taylor, E., Shapiro, D.A., & Folkard, S. (1995). An initial evaluation of brief worksite counselling for shift workers. British Psychological Society, Division of Counselling Psychology, Birmingham. Barkham, M., Shapiro, D.A., Hardy, G.E. & Rees, A. (1996). Psychotherapy in two-plus-one sessions. Outcomes of a randomised controlled trail. Annual meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, (UK), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Comtois, K., & Shapiro, D.A. (1996). Development of a 1-page outcome measure for treatment of borderline personality disorder. ISITDBT meeting, Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, New York. Drozd, J., Samoilov, A., Goldfried, M.R., & Shapiro, D.A. (1996). Therapeutic focus in awareness and corrective experiencing sessions. Paper presented at the Annual International meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, Amelia Island, USA. Hardy, G.E., Shapiro, D.A., Borrill, C. & Stride, C. (1996). Fatigue in the workforce of NHS Trusts. Royal College of Psychiatrists and Royal College of Physicians meeting on psychosomatic medicine in the workplace, Royal College of Physicians, London. Mackay, H.C., Barkham, M. & Shapiro, D.A. (1996). "It's about not being fearful of, here, expressing what you feel." A single case study of a client anger event. Paper presented at the Annual meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, Amelia Island, USA. Mackay, H.C., Barkham, M. & Shapiro, D.A. (1996). Moment by moment emotion in psychotherapy: a quantitative single case study. Annual Meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research (UK Branch), Ravenscar, North Yorkshire. Stiles, W.B., & Shapiro, D.A. (1996). Verbal exchanges and session impact. European Society for Psychotherapy Research, Cernobbio, Italy. Hardy, G.E., Shapiro, D.A., Stiles, W.B., & Barkham, M. (1997). "When and why does cognitive-behavioural treatment appear more effective than psychodynamic-interpersonal treatment?" Paper presented at the British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies Conference, Canterbury, England. Hardy, G.E., Shapiro, D.A., Stiles, W.B., & Barkham, M. (1997). "When and why does cognitive-behavioural treatment appear more effective than psychodynamic-interpersonal treatment?" Paper presented at the XXVII Congress of the European Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies, Venice, Italy. Macran, S. Ross H. & Shapiro, D.A. (1997). The importance of considering the user perspective in psychotherapy research. Paper presented at the Annual meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, Geilo, Norway. Shapiro, D.A. (1997). New funding arrangements for R & D in the NHS: Opportunity or threat for behavioural and cognitive psychotherapies. British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies 25th Annual Conference, Canterbury, England Shapiro, D.A. (1997). Psychotherapy of Depression: Process, outcome and research strategies. 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